Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester
Monostearin
CAS: 123-94-4;31566-31-1;11099-07-3;342394-34-7
Molecular Formula: C21H42O4
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Monostearin |
| Synonyms | GMS Aldo 33 Aldo 75 Aldo MSD NSC 3875 Aldo MSLG Sandin EU Arlacel 165 Monostearin Emerest 2407 FEMA No. 2527 1-Monostearin Stearin, 1-mono- alpha-Monostearin Glycerol 1-stearate Glycerin 1-stearate 1-glycerol stearate 1-Glyceryl stearate Glyceryl monostearate Glycerol Monostearate 1-Monostearoylglycerol Glycerol stearate, pure Glyceryl 1-monostearate Glycerin 1-monostearate Glycerol 1-monostearate Glycerol alpha-monostearate Stearic acid 1-monoglyceride 3-Stearoyloxy-1,2-propanediol (1)-2,3-Dihydroxypropyl stearate Stearic acid alpha-monoglyceride Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester |
| CAS | 123-94-4 31566-31-1 11099-07-3 342394-34-7 |
| EINECS | 204-664-4;250-705-4;234-325-6 |
| InChI | InChI=1/2C21H42O4/c2*1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-21(24)25-20(18-22)19-23/h2*20,22-23H,2-19H2,1H3 |
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C21H42O4 |
| Molar Mass | 358.56 |
| Density | 0.9700 |
| Melting Point | 55-60℃ |
| Boling Point | 410.96°C (rough estimate) |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in hot organic solvents.Soluble in hot water. Slightly soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in aliphatic solvents. |
| Storage Condition | −20°C |
| Refractive Index | 1.4400 (estimate) |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Chemical properties White or yellowish waxy solid, odorless, tasteless. Relative density 0.97, melting point 56~58 ℃. Soluble in hot organic solvents such as ethanol, benzene, acetone, mineral oil, fatty oil, etc., insoluble in water, but can be dispersed in hot water under strong stirring to form an emulsion. HLB value 3.8. ADI is not limited (No limited,FAO/WHO,1994). |
| Use | As an emulsifier and surfactant in food or cosmetics, it is also an internal and external lubricant for plastic products. |
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Upstream Downstream Industry
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Hou Wen Zhang Danshen Tension, etc. Preparation, Characterization and Dissolution Characteristics of PEG Modified Curcumin Solid Lipid Nanoparticles [J]. Chinese Herbal Medicine 2019 50(08):188-195. 2. Yang Ying Zhang Lingyun Deng Shiming. Process for Preparation of Perch Oil Microcapsules from Modified Starch [J]. Food Industry 2019 v.40;No.276(09):76-79. 3. Qu Xiaomei, zhang Fang. Preparation and prescription optimization of solid lipid nanoparticles with sumataptan succinate [J]. Journal of Shanxi Medical University, 2020(6). 4. Zhang Yawen, Yin Lina, Liang Zehua, et al. Microstructure of asiatic acid lipid nanoparticles and its effect on intestinal absorption kinetics [J]. Chinese Journal of New Drugs, 2014(19):2284-2290. 5. Xu Qian, Ouyang Yi, Wu Hongfei. Absorption Mechanism of Baicalin and Its Solid Lipid Nanoparticles on Caco-2 Cells [J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacy, 2019(12):1000-1006. 6. Chen Liang, Li Wei, Tang Qi, Wang Di, Qiu Haiyan, Chen Jiarong, Zhang Jinming, Zou Liang. Preparation and Preliminary Evaluation of Quercetin and microRNA-150 Co-loaded Cationic Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Administration [J]. Chinese herbal medicine, 2020,51(18):4627-4636. |
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
milky white to light yellow flakes or powder. The melting point of 58~59 degrees C, the relative density of 0.97. Insoluble in water, dispersed in hot water, water-in-oil emulsifier, good emulsifying properties. Soluble in hot organic solvents such as ethanol, benzene, acetone and mineral oil.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Use
Open Data Verified Data
can be used as emulsifier, co-emulsifier, stabilizer and preservative. Emulsifiers for industrial silk oil and lubricants for textiles; Used as dripping agents and antifogging agents in plastic films; Used as lubricants and antistatic agents in plastic processing; Used as suppository base agents and drug carriers in the pharmaceutical industry. It is also used in the preparation of cosmetic creams, creams and lotions. The reference dosage of dairy products, margarine and cakes was 0.3% ~ 0.5%, and the dosage of defoaming agent of soy sauce, soybean milk and lactic acid beverage was 0.1%.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:28:36
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
non-toxic, non-irritating.
Last Update：2022-01-01 09:28:36
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Nature
| storage conditions | Sealed in dry,Store in freezer, under -20°C |
| solubility | Soluble in hot ethanol, ether, chloroform, hot acetone, mineral oil, and fixed oils. Practically insoluble in water, but may be dispersed in water with the aid of a small amount of soap or other surfactant. |
| morphology | Powder |
| color | Pure-white or cream-colored, wax-like solid |
| Odor | faint odor |
| water solubility | Soluble in hot organic solvents.Soluble in hot water. Slightly soluble in ethanol. Insoluble in aliphatic solvents. |
| Merck | 14,4489 |
| EPA chemical information | Glyceryl monostearate (31566-31-1) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 01:59:49
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Uses and synthesis methods
chemical properties
White or yellowish waxy solid, odorless and tasteless. Relative density 0.97, melting point 56~58 ℃. Soluble in hot organic solvents such as ethanol, benzene, acetone, mineral oil, fatty oil, etc., insoluble in water, but can be dispersed in hot water under strong stirring to form an emulsion. HLB value 3.8. ADI is not limited (No limited,FAO/WHO,1994).
use
1, as W/O emulsifier, China's regulations can be used in all kinds of food, according to the production needs of appropriate use.
2. this product is an emulsifier. In the application of food additives, bread, biscuits, cakes, etc. are the most used, followed by cream, butter, and ice cream. As an excipient in pharmaceutical products, it is used for the preparation of neutral ointment; in daily chemicals, it is used for the preparation of snow cream, frost, clam oil, etc. It is also used as a solvent for oils and waxes, a hygroscopic powder protective agent and an opaque opacifier. Glycerol fatty acid esters produced by the reaction of glycerol and fatty acids include monoesters, diesters, and triesters. Triesters are fats and oils, and they have no emulsifying ability at all. Generally, a mixture of monoesters and diesters can be used, and products with a monoester content of about 90% can be obtained by distillation and refining. The fatty acids used can be stearic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, etc. However, in most cases, mixed fatty acids with stearic acid as the main component are used.
production method
1, obtained by esterification of glycerin and stearic acid. Add stearic acid, glycerin and sodium hydroxide into the reaction pot, heat and melt, start stirring, and introduce nitrogen. Heating, reacting at 185 ℃ for 7h, pH should be less than 5 at the end of the reaction. Cooling and discharging to obtain glycerol monostearate. Each ton of product consumes more than 82kg of stearin and 235kg of glycerin (more than 95%).
2, direct esterification
according to the molar ratio of stearic acid and glycerol of 1:(1.2~1.3), under the action of 0.2% acidic catalyst, react at 180~250 ℃ for 2~4h; The reactants are quickly cooled to 100 ℃, alkali is added to neutralize the catalyst, and a product containing monoester 40% ~ 60% is obtained after washing with water.
transesterification
glyceryl stearate and glycerol react at 170~240 ℃ for 1~2h in the presence of 0.06% ~ 0.1% Cu(OH)2. during the reaction, nitrogen is introduced for protection. after deodorization, acid neutralization and purification of the reactants, a product containing monoester 40% ~ 60% is obtained.
Glycidyl saponification method
glycidyl and stearic acid react at 100~130 ℃ for 30~70min under the catalysis of tetraethylammonium iodide. after refining the reactants, a product containing monoester 80% ~ 90% can be obtained.
Epichlorohydrin phase transfer catalysis
epichlorohydrin and sodium stearate (2:1, molar ratio) in toluene, under the catalysis of phase transfer catalyst tetrabutyl ammonium bromide, react at 90~110 ℃ for 2h; The reactants are washed with sodium chloride solution, the organic phase is divided, toluene and unreacted epichlorohydrin are distilled to obtain glycidyl stearate, hydrolyzed with 0.1mol/L Na, the monoester content is above 90%. Monoester products with a content of 40% ~ 60% can obtain high concentration products of more than 90% by molecular distillation.
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:22:08
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester - Security information
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| Toxicity | LD50 ipr-mus: 200 mg/kg NTIS** AD277-689 |
Last Update：2024-04-09 18:58:34
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View History
Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester
ETHYL BROMIDE extrapure
3-羟基-N-(5-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-萘甲酰胺
四乙基二硫化秋兰姆
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid 3,7-dimethyl-5-oxo-2,6-octadienyl ester
ETHYL BROMIDE extrapure
3-羟基-N-(5-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-萘甲酰胺
四乙基二硫化秋兰姆
4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid 3,7-dimethyl-5-oxo-2,6-octadienyl ester
Raw Materials for Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester